Fundal photography can be used to capture images of the retina and document any diabetic retinopathy.
Fundal Fluorescein Angiography (FFA) is a procedure that involves injection of a dye and taking multiple photos of the retina as the dye passes through the vessels. This allows identification of abnormal vessels and thus enables accurate treatment to the areas of the retina that require treatment.
Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is a diagnostic tool that allows a quantitative measurement of a cross-section image of the retina. This is useful for monitoring purposes as well as diagnosis for more complex cases. This also helps to measures the thickness of the retina to determine how swollen it is.